Steel Rolling Mill Machinery: Important Equipment In Steel Industry

Only a few precious metals such as gold are found as pure metal. Otherwise, most of the basic metals and alloying elements found in nature are present in the form of ‘ores'. To make these basic metals and alloying elements technically useful, they have to be reduced from their natural ore form by sintering or casting. However, these processes are used to achieve an almost finished shape of compact parts of rather small shapes. For many other products, primarily, shaped products need secondary forming, i.e. forging. Secondary forming is done in the Rolling Mills when one dimension of the product is greater than the other dimension.

Sheet Rolling Machines are used to shape steel by passing it through rollers. They are equipped with rolls, bearings, a housing that contains these parts and finally drive which is a motor to apply power to the rolls and for controlling their speed. Hot rolling and cold rolling are the most conventional type of Steel Rolling Processes. Most common Rolling Processes used in shaping of steels are listed below:

Hot Rolling – In this process, steel is melted, casted and hot rolled continuously through a series of rolling mills. The primary hot working operation is done through roughing mills. They break down the cast ingots into slabs or blooms for finishing them further into sheet, plate and bars. The bars are heated at 1100 to 13000C temperature.
Transverse Rolling – Heated bar is first cropped to length and then fed diagonally between the circular wedge rolls revolving in one direction.
Section Rolling – It is a special type of cold rolling in which a flat sheet of steel is progressively bent into different complex shapes by passing it through a series of rolls. The thickness of the metal remains unchanged during this. It is used to produce a variety of sections and shapes.
Cold Rolling – This process is important to achieve a better surface finish because of its low temperature. Due to less thermal expansion it also offers better tolerances than the products of hot rolled processes.
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